-3- ebyāh ī sidīgar

ebyāh ī sidīgar

-m (-am, -um)

-t (-at, -it)

-š (-aš, -iš)  

-mān (-amān, -imān, -umān) 

-tān (-atān, -itān)

ka 

agar

sah-/ sahistan

ka-t sahed

agar-it sahed 

agar-itān sahed, ka-tān sahed

framāy!

ēdōn

kū

ī

kē

ī ast

men-/ menīdan

(an) menam.

menam kū

dān-/ dānistan

(an) dānam.

šnās-/ šnāxtan

(an) šnāsam.

ē, (-ē), (also ēv)

veh

veh kū

veh az man

veh az tō

cāy-ē

kahvag-ē

drust

āy-/ āmadan (also madan)

(an) āyam.

h-

an ham.

tū hē.

amā hem.

ašmā hed.

(an) šāyam.

(tū) šāyē.

(amā) šāyem.

(ašmā) šāyed.

šāyē tū?

nē, nē šāyam,

veh avar!

ped drūd āy!

drust avar!

cē

nūn

ham nūn

kam (/ kem)

vēš

kamāvēš*

Lesson 3

personal pronoun, first person, singular, enclitic

personal pronoun, second person, singular, enclitic

personal pronoun, third person, singular, enclitic

personal pronoun, first person, plural, enclitic

personal pronoun, second person, plural, enclitic

‘when; if’

‘if’

‘to seem, to appear’ — usually impersonal

‘When/ if it pleases thee; please’

‘if it pleases thee; please (s’il te plaît)’

‘when/ if it pleases you; please (s’il vous plaît)’

‘lit. order!’ used as a polite substitute for certain auxiliary verbs, ‘please!’

‘thus, so’= ōh

‘where; that’

‘that, which is’; also relative particle

‘who, whom; that.’

‘which is, that is’

‘to think’

‘I think.’

‘I think that’

‘to know

‘I know.’

‘to know’

‘I know.’

‘a, some’

‘good; better’

‘better than’= veh az

‘better than me’

‘better than you’

‘some tea’

‘some coffee’

‘well, alright, OK; healthy, sound’

‘to come’

‘I come.’

‘to be’

‘I am.’

‘You are.’

‘We are.’

‘You are.’

‘I can’

‘You can.’

‘We can,’

‘You can,’

‘Can you?’

‘no, I can't,’

‘You’re welcome!’

‘Welcome!’ = avar ped drūd!

‘Welcome!’

‘what; because’

‘now’

‘right now’

‘a little, a bit’

‘a lot’= vas/ vasyār

‘more or less, about’

namāz, ceōn hē (tū)? 

xūb, āzādīh!

cāy-ē xvāhē? 

nē, āzādīh, kahvag-ē xvāham, agar-it sahed.

englandīg vāzē?

nē, englandīg nē šāyam vāxtan .

šāyē tū hindīg vāxtan?

ōhāy, hindīg šāyam vāxtan .

šāyē tū pārsīg-iz vāxtan?

ōhāy, hān-z šāyam vāxtan. ud ašmāh-iz pārsīg šāyed vāxtan?

ōhāy, amā pārsīg šāyem vāxtan. hindīg ud englandīg-iz šāyem vāxtan.

az kū hed ašmā? az Pārs hed?

ōhāy, amā az Pārs hem.

xūb! hušnūd ham az dīdār-itān! cāy-ē xvāhed ašmā?

nē, āzādīh, amā cāy nē xvāhem.

kahvag-ē (xvāhed)?

ōhāy, agar-it sahed, bē taxl, nē šīrēn.

Vahman, cāy-ē xvāhē?

nē, āzādīh, nūn cāy nē xvāham … bē kahvag-ē veh, agar-it sahed.

drust, šakar-z abāg xvāhē?

nē, āzādīh.

Vahman, englandīg šāyē vāxtan?

ōhāy, englandīg šāyam vāxtan, pārsīg-iz xūb šāyam vāxtan.

Vahman, nē menam kū pārsīg šāyē vāxtan.

an pārsīg šāyam vāxtan, xūb-iz šāyam-iš vāxtan cē an az Pārs ham.

Vahman, menam kū an pārsīg veh az tō vāzam ud tū englandīg veh az man vāzē.

nē menam kū tū pārsīg veh az man vāzē.

menam kū-t šnāsam.

an ōh nē menam. ud an nē šnāsam-it.

menē kū-t šnāsam?

ōhāy, menam kū-m šnāsē.

cand uzvān xūb šāyē vāxtan?

sē, englandīg ud pārsīg ud tāzīg.

zih! ceōn tō tāzīg hamuxt?

hān man andar frahangestān hamuxt.

‘Hello, how are you?’

‘Fine, thanks!’

‘Do you want some tea?’

‘No, thanks, I want some coffee, please.’

‘Do you speak English?’

‘No, I cannot speak English.’

‘Can you speak Indian?’

‘Yes, I can speak Indian.’

‘Can you speak Persic too?’

‘Yes, I can speak that too. and you (pl.) too can speak Persic?’

‘Yes, we can speak Persic. We can speak Hindi and English as well.’

‘Where are you from? are you from Persia?’

‘Yes, we are from Persia.’

‘Well! I am glad to meet you! do you want some tea?’

‘No, thanks, we don’t want tea.’

‘(Do you want) some coffee?’

‘Yes, please, but bitter, not sweet.’

‘Vahman, do you want some tea?’

‘No, thanks, now I don't want to drink tea… but (/instead) a coffee is fine, please.’

‘OK, do you want sugar with it too?’

‘No, thanks.‘

‘Vahman, can you speak English?’

‘Yes, I can speak English I can speak well Persic too.’

‘Vahman, I don’t think you can speak Persic.’

‘I can speak Persic, and I can speak it well because I am from Persia.’

‘Vahman, I think I can speak Persic better than you, and you speak English better than me.’

‘I don’t think you speak Persic better than me.’

‘I think I know you.’

‘I don’t think so. and I don’t know you.’

‘Do you think I know you?’

‘Yes, I think you know me.’

‘How many languages do you know well?’

‘Three. English, Persic and Arabic.’

‘Bravo! How did you learn Arabic?’

‘I learned it in high-school.’

šnās-/ šnāxtan

men-/ menīdan

‘to know’ — present tense, indicative mood

‘to think’ — present tense, indicative mood

Audio eb-3