Here we give some useful words, terms and standards for general and basic purposes in writing and speaking Pārsīg.
mar ud candīh | Numbers and amounts
→ Cardinal numbers
0 sūrag
1 ēv/ ēk/ yak/ ē
2 do
3 sē, si
4 cahār, tas°
5 panz
6 šaš
7 haft
8 ašt
9 nōh
10 dah
11 yāzdah
12 dvāzdah
13 sizdah/ sēzdah
14 cahārdah
15 pā(n)zdah
16 šāzdah
17 haf(t)dah
18 (h)aštdah
19 nōzdah
20 vīst
21 vīst-u-ēk / vīst ud ēk
22 vīst-u-do / vīst ud do
30 sīh
40 cahal
50 panzāh
60 šast
70 haftād
80 aštād
90 navad
100 sad
200 dosad/ dvēst/ dvēsad
300 sisad, tirēst
400 cahārsad
500 panzsad/ pānsad
600 šašsad
700 haf(t)sad
800 aštsad
900 nōhsad
1 000 hazār
2 000 dohazār
10 000 dahhazār/ bēvar
20 000 vīsthazār/ do bēvar
30 000 sīhhazār/ si bēvar
100 000 (ēk)sadhazār / dah bēvar
120 000 sad-u-vīst-hazār / dvāzdah bēvar
200 000 dvēsthazār/ dosadhazār/ vīst bēvar
1 000 000 hazārhazār / sad bēvar
→ Ordinal numbers
fradum/ naxvist first
did/ didīg/ didīgar second
sid/ sidīg/ sidīgar third
tasum/ cahārum fourth
panzum fifth
abdum last
vīstum 20th
vīst-ēk 21th (The suffix -um is not added after ēk)
vīst-duvum 22th
vīst-seyum 23th
vīst-cahārum 24th
sīhum 30th
sīh-ēk 31th
hazārum 1000th
→ Fractions
cahār-ēk, (casrušoyag) a quarter
si-ēk, (srišoyag) a third
nēm(ag) a half
sē cahārēk three-quarters
panz-ēk one-fifth
ped sē bahr ē(v) bahr ī X one-third of X
visp / hamag / hāmōyēn all
ēc nē / hambun-z nē none
ēk ēk one by one, each
ēk-iz nē not any
→ Multiplicatives
ē bār/ ēv bār/ ēk bār/ ped ē bār at one time, once
do bār two times, twice, once more
dobārag once more; again
didīgar bār a second time’
si bār / si jār three times
šaš bār / šaš jār six times
and bār several times
vas bār many times
Operations
abzāyišn | Addition
a + b = d
a ud b, (ast) d
abzōn ī a abar b, d
2 + 3 = 5
do ud si, panz
1 + 2 = 3
abzōn ī ēk abar do si
kāhišn | Substraction
a – b = d
a kam b, d
3 – 2 = 1
si kam do, ēk
zanišn | Multiplication
a × b = d
a bār b, d
a andar b, d
a b, d.
1 × 1 = 1
ēk bār ēk, ēk
4 × 7 = 28
cahār bār haft, vīst ud ašt
12 × 12 = 144
dvāzdah dvāzdah, sad ud cahal ud cahār
baxšišn/ bazišn | Division
a / b = d
baxšišn ī a ō b, d
ped b bahr a bahr, d
ped b a, d
6 / 3 = 2
baxšišn ī šaš ō si, do
ped si bahr šaš bahr, do
ped sē šaš, do
→ Amounts
cand? how much/ many?
framāy dādan-am … please give me …
sad dāngsang 100 grams
šaš dānag half a dozen
hazār dāngsang a kilo
ēv brīd a slice
ēv arzīzag a tin
hambun (just) a little
vas a lot of
vēš more
sēb ēcand some apples
sang ud peymān | Weights and measures
→ Measures formed with the prefixes are:
dah- deca-
sad- hecta-
hazār- kilo-
dahēk- deci-
sadēk- centi-
hazārēk- mil(l)i-
→ Linear measures
1 hazārēkbeymān 1 millimetre = 0,03937 inch
1 sadēkbeymān 1 centimetre = 0, 3937 inch
1 peymān 1 metre = 39,37 inch
1 hazārbeymān 1 kilometre = 0,6214 mile
1 angust finger = ¾ inch
1 ašt palm = 4 angust = 3 inch
1 ulašt long palm = 8 angust = 6 inch
1 dišt short span = 10 angust = 7.5 inch
1 vidast span = 12 angust = 9 inch
1 pāy foot = 16 angust = 12 inch
1 frārāst cubit = 24 angust = 18 inch/ 1 foot 6 inch
1 gām yard = 48 angust = 3 feet
1 gām ī dopāy pace = 80 angust = 5 feet
1 judnāy fathom = 96 angust = 6 feet
1 nāy pole = 160 angust = 16 feet
1 hāsr mile = 1000 paces
1 frasang/ 1 asnayast parasang = 4 hāsr = 4 miles
1 tazar = 2 hāsr
1 dašmayast = 8 hāsr
1 yujyast = 16 hāsr
→ Square measures
1 vistardag sadēkbeymān 1 square centimetre
1 vistardag peymān 1 square metre
1 vistardag hazārbeymān 1 square kilometre
1 pāy vistardag 1 square foot
→ Cubic measures
1 tanumand sadēkbeymān 1 cubic centimetre
1 tanumand peymān 1 cubic metre
→ Measures of capacity
1 kabīz = 1000 tanumand sadēkbeymān ≈ 1 litre
1 grīv = 10 kabīz
→ Weights
1 dāngsang ≈ 1 gram(me)
1 hazārdāngsang ≈ 1 kilogramme
zamān ud māhrōz | Times and dates
→ Days of the month (rōz ī māh)
1 ohrmazd (rōz)
2 vahman (rōz)
3 ardvahišt/ urdvahišt (rōz)
4 šahrver (rōz)
5 spendārmed (rōz)
6 hurdād (rōz)
7 amurdād (rōz)
8 day-ped-ādur (rōz)
9 ādur (rōz)
10 ābān (rōz)
11 xvar (rōz)
12 māh (rōz)
13 tīr (rōz)
14 gōš (rōz)
15 day-ped-mihr (rōz)
16 mihr (rōz)
17 srōš (rōz)
18 rašn (rōz)
19 fravardīn (rōz)
20 vahrām (rōz)
21 rām (rōz)
22 vād (rōz)
23 day-ped-dēn (rōz)
24 dēn (rōz)
25 ard (rōz)
26 aštād (rōz)
27 asmān (rōz)
28 zamyād (rōz)
29 mārspend (rōz)
30 anērān (rōz)
- Pentad (panzag)
1 ahunved (gāh)
2 uštved (gāh)
3 spendmed (gāh)
4 vohuxšahr (gāh)
5 vahištōišt (gāh)
→ Days of the week (rōz ī haftag)
šambat/ kēvān (zamān) Saturday
ēvšambt/ mihr (zamān) Sunday
došambat/ māh (zamān) Monday
sišambat/ vahrām (zamān) Tuesday
cahāršambat/ tīr (zamān) Wednesday
panzšambat/ ohrmazd (zamān) Thursday
ādēnag/ anāhīd (zamān) Friday
→ The calendar (sālnāmag)
┤ months (māh)
1 day
2 vahman
3 spendārmed
4 fravardīn
5 urdvahišt
6 hurdād
7 tīr
8 amurdād
9 šahrver
10 mihr
11 ābān
12 ādur
panzgāh
┤ seasons (āvām)
1 vahār spring
2 hāmin summer
3 pādēz autumn
4 zimestān winter
→ Dates (māhrōz)
māhrōz cē? what’s the date?
imrōz cē rōz (ast)? what’s the day today?
mihr rōz ī mihr māh ast it’s the 16th of Mihr
┤ present (nūnēn)
nūn now
ham nūn right now
nūn-z just now, even now; already
im uzerin this afternoon
im māh this month
im bāmdād this morning
im haftag this week
imsāl this year
imrōz today
imšab tonight
┤ past (pēšēn)
sē rōz ī pēš three days ago
nēm-zamān ī pēš half an hour ago
cand-ē pēš a while ago
panz sāl ī pēš 5 years ago
parēr the day before yesterday
haftag ī pēš last week
māh ī pēš last month
pārsāl last year
az urdvahišt since Urdvahišt
dōš last night, previous evening
dīg yesterday
uzerin afternoon
ēvārag evening
bāmdād morning
dā ō nūn till now
┤future (pasēn)
pas-fradāg the day after tomorrow
dā … in …
šaš rōz 6 days
panz xvardag 5 minutes
didīg haftag next week = haftag ī didīgar
didīg māh next month
didīg sāl next year
frāz ō pēš for the future
frāzdar zamān / pasādar zamān in the future
fradāg … tomorrow …
bāmdād morning
uzerin afternoon
ēvārag evening
dā mihr zamān until (Sunday)
az nūn frāz from now on
dā ēk zamān ī did within an hour
pasādar / dagrdar later
pasādar bē gufsed later will be said.
ā (dā) did! then later! (see you later!)
→ During the day (andar rōzšabān)
rōz day
bām down
bāmdād morning
nēmrōz midday
rabih noon
uzerin afternoon
šām evening (also evening meal)
šab night
nēmšab midnight
xvarāsān sunrise
xvarōfrān sunset
šabārōz/ rōzšabān (by) day and (by) night (24 hours)
rāstvān the twelve hours of daylight or night
→ Telling the time (zamān)
zamān cand ast? what time is it?
zamān dah ast. it’s 10 o’clock
zamān sizdah ast. it’s 1 o’clock pm.
zamān ēv cahārēk saxtag az cahārdah / zamān cahārdah ud pānzdah xvardag quarter past 2
vīst xvardag saxtag az nōh twenty past 9
dvāzdah ud nēm half past 12
vīst xvardag māndag ō ēk twenty to 1
ēv cahārēk māndag ō ēk quarter to 1
(ped) bāmdād in the morning
(ped) uzerin in the afternoon
(ped) ēvārag in the evening
āmixtag | Miscellaneous
zamān(ag)/ gāh/ hangām/ āvām/ bār/ jār/ pās time
zamān hour
xvardag minute
pēš … nūn … frāzdar before … now … after
ē(d) jār/ bār/ zamān/ gāh this time/ occasion
jār jār from time to time
ast ī ka sometimes
gāh gāh sometimes
andar harv gāh at any moment
harv zamān /gāh anytime, always
hamē/ hamēv always, (also used as a preverbal particle of duration to give a continuous sense)
hamēšag / mēšag always
hamēšagīhā always
hamvār(ag) / hamjār at all times, ever
hamvārīhā constantly
hamēvīgīhā perpetually
dā jāyēdān for ever, to eternity
dā ō hamē hamēravišnīh for ever and ever, in secula seculorum
hamēravišnīhā id.
az nūn frāz/ parrōn henceforth, from now onwards
dā (ō) nūn till now
hamē ka as soon as
cand ahīdar / cand zūttar as soon as possible
ham-cōn just as, as soon as, the same as
nōg nōg ever afresh, again and again
nōg new; recent
nōgīhā newly; recently
anī jār-ē / anī bār-ē another time
didīgar zamān / didīgar bār / didīgar jār next time, another time
ped gāh, ped hangām in time
(ped) ham-zamān at the same time; immediately, instantly, simultaneously; instant (adj.)
andar zamān immediately
(ped) cē gāh? / (ped) cē zamān? at what time?
(ped) ē-bār at a time (once)
zamān kun- (abāg) to fix/ appoint a time (with), to make an appointment with
ped zamān / ped gāh at the (appropriate) time, on time
ped hān gāh (/ zamān) ī ka at that time when
zamān juttarīh time difference
zamān-nāmag timetable
dagr zamān / dūr zamān long time (period)
dā dagr zamān for a long time
do rōz šab drang (for) the period of two days and nights
cand zamān abāz ō … baved? how much time is left until …?
cand zamān bared? how long does it take? how many hours does it take?
cand zamān mānd ēsted? how much time is left?
az … abāz
az haft sālag abāz for seven years
az ēn and sāl abāz since so many years, for these several
andum as long as, so long
andum … dā as long as, until
hamē dā ka as long as
ah/ ahī early, soon, first, originally
az ahī in the beginning, at the outset, from the very beginning
ahī az before
ahīdar earlier
cand ahīdar as early as possible
az … ōrōn ō (adverb phrase of time and place) from… hither, from…until now
az ahī ōrōn since the beginning
dagr nē mad kū … it wasn’t long before…
dagr kirdan to prologue, to be late, delay
spōz kirdan delay
āvām time, age, epoch, season, period; occasion, point of time; world, temporal world
āvām āvām age after age, from age to age
andar āvām in the world
āvām-pesazagīhā if time pleases
āvāmīgān those belonging to this age of the world, worldlings, inhabitants of the world
drahnā length; duration
(dā) zīndag drahnā during (one’s) life, for one’s whole life’s span
andar drahnā ī … within a period of …
māh drahnā a month’s duration
rōz drahnā a day’s duration
sāl drahnā of a year’s length
rōz ī āsān day of rest, Sabbat
agrī rōz the longest day
rōz ud šab ī agrī ud meyānag ud nidum
harv rōz (abēr) bāmdād everyday early in the morning
bāmdād … nēmrōz … ēvāraggāh
bāmdād gāh in the morning
hagriz never
dā nūn hitherto, so far, until now
do-māhag bimonthly, bimensal; 2-months old
cand-sālag hē? how old are you?
si-sālag 3-years old
dād, °sālagīh age
zarmān / pērīh old age
dād ī meyān / meyān-sālīh middle age
purnāy / dādmeh adult
purnāyīh / dādmehīh adulthood
dādkeh / aburnāy minor, under age, non adult
dādkehīh / aburnāyīh minority (of age)
aburnāy-dādīh / aburnāy-sālīh minor age
ped aburnāyīh / andar aburnāyagīh in tender age
ka ō dād ī pānzdah sāl(ag) rased when he/she comes to the age of 15
hanīh retirement age
pēr aged
azarmān ageless
sūr morning meal
šām evening meal
rabih noon-time meal, lunch
¹cāšt lunch, breakfast